No 3 (2013)
POLITICS
37 1000
Abstract
In the article the role of the state in ensuring people's security is investigated. Increasingly larger role is gained by the state in organizing people's security, defending them from internal threats. In modern Russia there is a slow but nevertheless irreversible turn of public consciousness and the state goal-setting towards eteralization of people as a main value. The central place in ensuring security of people belongs to the Russian Federation Emergency and Civil Defense State Committee.
PSYCHOLOGY
47 230
Abstract
The authors carry out the theoretical analysis of the problems of professional education, adaptation of the orphanage graduates in the educational environment; as well as psychological mechanisms of intergroup adaptation of this category of youngsters. The model of studying the psychological mechanisms of intergroup adaptation is created: 1) intergroup non-adaptability, 2) organizational identification, 3) joint activity. The scheme of empirical research, criteria, measurement techniques, algorithm of processing the received results including the algebra of the events are proved. The results can be used for studying the orphans' social and psychological adaptation, their post-orphanage maintenance.
23 152
Abstract
The decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin assumes new directions in training specialists for the social sector will be taken. One of the most important strategic issues of these changes is the development of professional standards in the social sphere, which have interdepartmental character and solve problems of carrying out many functions. In line with current trends of modernization of vocational education in our country, it becomes necessary to develop professional standards, suggesting a broad public participation in the discussion. The article is devoted to the discussion of new professional standards for social services, which should be the basis for the training of professional personnel in our country in the future. Concepts, objectives, content of labor functions, employment of specialists, and their special features are disclosed. The article shows the levels of specialists' proficiency and the system of professional standards development.
БИОЛОГИЯ
1 179
Abstract
The complex of necrobiont beetles in the "Galichya Gora" nature reserve has been studied. 25 species of beetles from 9 families are recorded: Histeridae (2 species), Leiodidae (1 species), Silphidae (10 species), Staphylinidae (3 species), Trogidae (2 species), Geotrupidae (1 species), Scarabaeidae (1 species), Dermestidae (3 species), Nitidulidae (3 species). Biotopic distribution of necrobiont beetles is analyzed. The role of different trophic groups of beetles in the utilization of animal bodies decay is considered.
39 170
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the analysis of spatial and factional Betula pubescens Erhr., Quercus robur L. и Pinus sylvestris L. phytomass distribution. The main pattern and distinctive peculiarities of their modular organization are discovered. It is established that the phytomass distribution in the crown space and factional composition is determined by morphological and ecological features, particularly of plant demand to the illumination. This part is formed with the half or more of overground part weight of the long-day woody plants. This index can be used as its illumination quantitative assessment.
45 283
Abstract
Some examples of lateral root primordia formation in the embryo primary roots of the dormant seeds in some annual plants are shown. The biological importance of early root branching during the embryogenesis is discussed. The number of a primary xylem rays (there were 4 in all our objects) is of value in a root system formation and its influence could be observed sometimes until reproductive phase. In Impatiens noli-tangere root primordia and then lateral roots formation was observed from primary xylem as well as from primary phloem groups.
44 195
Abstract
The article presents data about a state of health and adaptive opportunities of 10-12 year old girls studying at a comprehensive school. It is established that one third of the girls examined has lower adaptive potential and approximately the same number of children has health limitations (i.e. included into the third group of health scale). It is supposed that children with low level of adaptability will subsequently suffer from psychosomatic diseases and their health will suffer even more.
ИСТОРИЯ
40 195
Abstract
The article is devoted to one of the stages of the struggle for power in the Soviet leadership - the events of June 1957, when a group of members of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee (the so-called «anti-party» group), attempted to shift the First Secretary of the CPSU, N.S. Khrushchev. Drawing on archival data and memoirs of contemporaries, the author argues that a key role in the events of June 1957 played G.K. Zhukov, Soviet defense Minister and Marshal.
8 369
Abstract
The author of the article gives the review of Moscow state formation in the 15-16th centuries. The review begins with the works of Russian historians of the 17th century and finishes with the end of the 20th century. The author considers an interdisciplinary approach to be the only possible way of studying a state. To accomplish such a study history, sociology and political science should be involved. Historians lack understanding of the state to be a social institution. Feudalism concept is an important discovery of historical sciences which makes possible to explain the emergence of statehood.
12 248
Abstract
The author sets a task to find out the reasons for policy changes in Indonesia, pledged by President Sukarno while General Suharto was at power. The author describes and assesses the political system of Suharto as a military-bureaucratic regime of Bonaparte character. The article examines the ideology of neobonapartism intrinsic to Suharto's regime, formation and development of the “new order" Of particular interest of the author draws the problem of restoring purity of principles “Pancha Shila" carried out by Suharto, examines the role of the ruling party Golkar. The author critically compares political regimes of Suharto and Sukarno, identifying general and specific features in them, emphasizing the main source of the views of both leaders in the form of the concept of “gotong-rayong" developed by Devantoro.
42 178
Abstract
The article analyzes the health network of Siberian cities in the Great Patriotic war. The author studies the structure and dynamics of healthcare agencies, shows in what conditions they carried out their functions. The study is based on the analysis of the documents of the State archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian state archive of socio-political history, and regional archives of Siberian cities. Using the archival sources the author came to the conclusion that throughout the war the public health network was underdeveloped, especially the massive influx of evacuees in the Siberian region is taken into consideration. This factor significantly hampered the provision of qualified medical assistance to the population of Siberia.
9 258
Abstract
The article presents the analysis of printed propaganda and agitation practices during the Soviet-Polish conflict of 1919-1920. The formation of the "enemy image" by Soviet and Polish services is considered, it is stated that it was aimed at mobilizing their citizens and at demoralizing enemy's armed forces. Periodization of propaganda means used by warring parties is worked out. The classification of printed propaganda is given, the most characteristic features of some kinds of such propaganda being described.
10 160
Abstract
The object of this article is foreign population of Moscow guild masters as an ethnic element. The subject of the research is the ethnic processes associated with the integration of foreign guild masters into the city community. The basis of the research is the analysis of the unpublished archival source - "Reestr Mockovskih tsekhov 1729" (the Register of Moscow guild masters). Represented information and the analysis of the source have been introduced into scientific use for the first time. Having done the analysis on the basis both of groups of foreigners and a number of social aspects, the author has made a conclusion about the specific features of ethnic processes in Moscow guild masters in the 20-30s of the XVIIIth century.
41 175
Abstract
The article deals with the process of formation of library system in Adygei autonomous region in the 20-ies of XX. The author shows the changing cultural reality and the role of the library system (of a library, a librarian and a reader) in the ideological process of modernization of Adyghe culture. Along with school libraries played the leading role in the literacy campaign, helped peasants to master the advanced methods of agriculture, contributed to the study of scientific and technical achievements.
11 183
Abstract
The article is devoted to the forthcoming jubilee of one of the most interesting monuments of ancient Russian architecture of the XVIth century, the Assumption Cathedral in Dmitrov city. The jubilee will be celebrated in autumn of 2013. The issues of attribution, architectural style are considered, as well as the artistic monuments and relics kept in the Cathedral and remaining in it at present. The article also gives a significant place to the issues of the time of the Cathedral construction and its ornamental decoration.
50 212
Abstract
The article examines the work on modernization of the transport infrastructure of Moscow at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries done by Prince Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn, Moscow mayor (1897-1905), as well as the activity of the Moscow City Duma headed by him. Based on previously unpublished archival material the author analyzes the main trends of the Moscow City Duma as a self-governing body, its open members of the city duma and the head, the mayor, Prince Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn. Particular attention is paid to the conflict related to the emergence of so-called "Balinskiy Project" - the first draft of the underground, which appeared, as it turned out, to be not only an adventure but also one of the biggest corruption schemes in Russia of that time. Having performed the study the author comes to the conclusion that "Balinskiy Project" was aimed primarily at obtaining a concession revenues from the Moscow tram, no matter it got support from the imperial government ministries and the Governor-General of Moscow Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich.
ЛИНГВИСТИКА
13 191
Abstract
The article reviews the phonetic peculiarities of substituting components of phraseological creative modifications in the English and Russian languages. The research outlines the types of sound similarities between the substituting and the substituted components, and cases of sound and rhythmic form violation. The article discusses the role of phonetic peculiarities in the development of stylistic, communicative and pragmatic potential of phraseological creative modifications.
14 337
Abstract
The article focuses on the analysis of the main functions of abbreviations in modern English texts. It indicates that different types of abbreviations (syllabics, compound-syllabics, initials) serve their specific functions, such as: nominative, style marking, text-forming. Some cognitive and discoursive peculiarities of the mentioned above phenomenon are presented in the paper. The necessity to investigate this problem within the frame of the cognitive-discourse approach to the language is emphasized.
48 235
Abstract
This research is determined by the rapid scientific and technical advance during two last decades. As a result, new ways of communication between people and sellings have appeared. The terminology of marketing is constantly expanding due to the words from information and computer technologies thesaurus. The article is dedicated to the particularities of word-formation of neologisms in marketing and internet-marketing. The productive methods of affixation, composition and abbreviation have been distinguished in the course of analysis. Simultaneously the author characterizes each derivational element.
15 211
Abstract
The article studies the phenomenon of antonymy in technical terminology, namely in the term-field "automatic electric drive". The general characteristic of the term-field, including five subfields with quantitative data is given, the peculiarities of the antonyms in technical terminologies and present-day classifications of antonymgroups are described. The quantitative statistics is shown, on the basis of which the conclusions about the predominant antonymy types in the Russian and English languages are drawn.
16 205
Abstract
The article considers one of the actual and insufficiently explored problems of functional stylistics - the problem of expression of subjective-evaluative elements in scientific discourse. It points out some ways and means representing subjective-evaluative meaning of different genres in scientific discourse, defines factors which influence the degree on their explicit expression. The study has shown that the choice and organization of linguistic means aimed at expression of disagreement is defined by the genre of the text, linguistic personality and aims of communication.
17 214
Abstract
The article raises some issues of concept metaphors translation. Cognitive and linguistic forms of information coding are analyzed in the light of recent research and are different forms of knowledge presentation. Which, nevertheless, are inherently interrelated. The author attempts to describe the interconnection of linguistic, linguo-cultural and cognitive components as a phenomenon and therefore to emphasize its influence on the concept metaphors translation. The author concludes that metaphor is an important mechanism through which abstract concepts are comprehended. That makes metaphor not only a linguistic but concept phenomenon.
ПЕДАГОГИКА
51 161
Abstract
This article presents the methodological guidelines for the use of interactive equipment in arranging the developmental activities of preschool and early school age children. The recommendations are prepared to organize the educational process on the basis of the activity approach. The material is presented in the form of an illustrated table and is of interest for educators and teachers who effectively use the innovative equipment in arranging children's developmental activities.
19 171
Abstract
The article presents findings from the research where 115 4th grade children were examined. The children were divided into two groups: the experimental group (children from segregated classes: 60 Roma and Turkish children) and the control group (consisting of 55 Bulgarian children). The study had the goal to find out which socio-cognitive factors influence the learning process of the grammatical rules of the written Bulgarian language. The children who study Turkish as a mother tongue show the best results, because understanding the mother tongue rules of the language helps the children to understand the grammatical rules of their second language -Bulgarian. The article suggests some ideas about the methodology of teaching bilingual children written Bulgarian in Bulgaria - mainly Roma and Turkish children, who study in segregated classes.
20 164
Abstract
The article examines some actual problems connected with the improvement of the quality of future specialists' vocational training in language education. The author analyses the specificity of educational process based on the concept of mastering management which ensures reading and speaking abilities being formed simultaneously. It becomes possible due to reading being treated as a communicative activity. While planning such kind of educational process the teacher should choose special texsts for reading in order to liven up the students' creative abilities and stimulate their critical thinking and exchange of views.
36 176
Abstract
The article is devoted to the justification of the need to use various information technologies in teaching technical and technological disciplines to students of the technology and entrepreneurship faculty. The article describes the specific nature of technological education, defines the range of the software that can be used to increase significantly the effectiveness of lectures and laboratory work, as well as ensure quality control of students' knowledge. The paper includes concrete examples of computer training materials developed by the technology and entrepreneurship faculty of MSRU as a part of the academic staff and students' scientific research work.
18 155
Abstract
The article covers different aspects of forming a teacher's readiness for the innovation activities under the conditions of the regional Additional Professional Education system. The article discovers the notion of the concept of professional readiness for the innovative activities, summarizes the regional pedagogical experience, and gives the author's understanding of the perspective of the formation a teacher's readiness by means of Additional Professional Education system. The article is addressed to the High School Education teachers and the workers of the Additional Professional Education system.
21 165
Abstract
The article contains a theoretical substantiation of arrangement of a practical training session in practice workshops at the faculty of technology and entrepreneurship. It was done according to the modern requirements of improvement the quality of vocational training of future teachers of technology. Special attention is given to the formation of professional knowledge and skills necessary for the students to master new technologies of wood-working using both woodworking machinery and electric tools. The results of the experimental work are given.
22 167
Abstract
The second part of the article is devoted to the concepts of «Professional Competence of a Teacher in the Field of Children's Intellectual and Cognitive Development » and «the Improvement of Pre-school Teachers' Professional Competence in the Sphere of Preschool Children's Intellectual-cognitive Abilities Formation». The author describes the results of systematic monitoring of teachers and heads of pre-school educational institutions' professional competence formation in the sphere of developing children's intellectual-cognitive abilities.
РУССКАЯ ФИЛОЛОГИЯ
43 190
Abstract
The paper is about studying the specifics of functioning of bisubstantive sentences with semantics of the author's description and assessment in a memoirs text. The article mentions the main signs of a memoirs text (being a chronicle, containing factual account, narrating from the first person, being retrospective and subjective) where bisubstantive sentences realize their structural and semantic features. The functions of the components of a copular and substantive predicate in bisubstantive sentences come to light in reflection of the main signs of the memoirs text.
25 306
Abstract
This article is a study of the artistic heritage of Evgeny Kibrik, an outstanding graphic artist of the XX century. The author pays special attention to the particular features of the artist's creative method of illustrating books, carrying out deep analysis of lithographs printed in 1934-1936 for Romain Rolland's novel «Colas Breugnon». The author concentrates on the way Kibrik solves the problems of the composition «vivacity» reproduction and creates a bright, unique and moving character with kind, valiant and fearless soul. The series of Kibrik's illustrations for «Colas Breugnon» became a true breakthrough in the Soviet realistic graphic art, it also revealed the artist's bright individuality. A recognizable «Kibrik's world of characters» was formed.
27 211
Abstract
The article reveals the typology of «final event» in the structure of the autobiographical text. The universality of the way mother image being idealized and the use of her death motif as a sign denoting the end of childhood enable to stress the dominant idea of the author's style. The motif of mother's death reveals the artists' style singularity and pathos which are expressed in methods of "verbal painting": portrait and iconographic. The realistic portrait (L.N. Tolstoy) transmits romantic attitude to death. The naturalistic portrait (M. Gorkii) lessens the pathos of death grandeur. The singularity of N.S. Leskov's style is materialized in icon-painting techniques.
28 353
Abstract
The article considers the features of landscape in the poem "Dead Souls". It is shown that the landscape fulfills not only the function of typification. The author explores the border "zones" of landscape, the meaning of which is not limited to social generalization. The author's word in landscape description is usually perceived in lyric digressions. But the author's point of view becomes active in the description of "provincial" and "landlord" landscape as well. It enters into complex interactions with the adventurous character's practical point of view and performs compositional function. At the same time the energy of the ironic word secretly prepares the author's high emotions in lyric digressions.
29 224
Abstract
The article examines different interpretations of the concept of asylum in Russian literature on the example of L. Andreev's short story "Thought". Following the tradition of a versatile interpretation of the concept mentioned, the author interprets the space of the asylum as a place of the character's insight. Concept of asylum in Andreev's short story is interpreted in social-philosophical aspect and through the context of the problem of the borders between norm and madness.
38 197
Abstract
The present article deals with the problem of intertextualism and dialogic characteristics of a fictional text («text within text»). The beginnings of this analytical approach as set forth by M. Bakhtin have been furthered with much success by philologists and philosophers of this and other countries. While allowing for the possibility of a «dialogic contact» both between verbal texts and between works of fiction and visual arts, we propose to classify pictorial allusions in «The Golden Calf» from the angle of artionyms and ecphrases as used in this novel as a lingual game elements.
26 177
Abstract
The author examines «gender» as the most important theme of D.S. Merezhkovsky's creative activity on the material of the second «Complete Works» (1914). The analysis of the semantic components and their correlation inside the semantic field shows that both critique and political essays of the writer are a detailed explication of meanings encoded in his fiction. At the same time these texts are used as a means of updating and expanding the problematic and thematic layer across Time and Space. The larger chronotrope, in its turn, strengthens the integrity of this lifetime complete works and promotes its legitimization as a structural and semantic unity.
24 189
Abstract
The article reveals non-standard religious, mythological and philosophical concepts of Gajto Gazdanov's prose. The author declares intimate parallels between Gazdanov's novels and Plato, F. Nietsche, M. Eliade, existentialists ideas, Christian, buddhistic, ancient Greek texts. The texts in one way or another are related with the return motif in Gajto Gazdanov's interpretation. The return motif totally arranges the narration and it shows itself in different ways. The author of the article comes to a conclusion that the return motif declares ontological sense of eternal existence.
ФИЗИКА И МАТЕМАТИКА
6 162
Abstract
The Kramers problem for quantum Bose-gases with specular-diffuse boundary conditions of the kinetic theory is considered. The Kramers problem is the problem of finding a distribution function of the mass velocity and the sliding velocity of a rarefied gas moving along a flat, solid surface in case when the gas moves along some axis and there is a given gradient of its mass velocity. The solution is received for the semi-spatial Kramers problem about the isothermal sliding of a monoatomic gas having constant collision frequency and specular-diffusive boundary conditions. The new method of solution of the boundary problems from the kinetic theory is developed. The method allows to receive the solution with any degree of accuracy. At the basis of the method lays the idea of representation of a boundary condition on the distribution function in the form of a source in the kinetic equation. The solution is received in the form of Neumann series.
ФИЛОСОФИЯ
5 174
Abstract
The article investigates the forms of international solidarity of peoples. Using a great amount of facts the author analyzes the connection between solidarity and safety of peoples and countries, the connection between international solidarity and the interests of people, the connection between the interests of people and humanism of humanity. The author comes to the conclusion that the humanity asserts the idea of humanism as the basis of international solidarity. The idea of humanism in this case is based not on the values of an individual but on the values of communities: ethnos, national spirit, nations.
49 183
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of historical facts assessment. The author defines the process of historical facts assessment, describes its peculiar features. The necessity of such assessment is substantiated. The article describes the reasons such assessment is due to. It is stated that the basis of historical facts assessment is formed by the theory of truth which contains the conclusion about the role of practice as the most important criterion of the validity of the data received. It is stressed that the other philosophical criteria of assessment can be used as well. The article substantiates the way they can be singled out and shows their general scientific nature.
46 161
Abstract
The author reconstructed the epistemological assumptions of the theory of sign preconditions. On the basis of modern concepts of empirical and theoretical objects of science the author conducted consistent comparison of views on the nature and functions of the sign by philosophers of antique times, middle ages and modern times. The analysis of pre-semiotic views on the sign expressed by Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, J. Locke and G.V. Leibniz allowed to establish that the «pre-semiotic» sign is an empirical object having one main function: to obtain, to designate and disseminate knowledge in a society.
ХИМИЯ
7 164
Abstract
By IR - diffuse reflectance spectroscopy several М1ХОу/М2ХОу type mixed oxides were studied. They were prepared by coprecipitation, and further heat treatment by acetates and metal carbonyls. Besides, to determine their properties as catalysts IR analysis of spectral data of the diffuse reflection of mixed oxides compared with the shifts of vibrational frequencies.
ЭКОНОМИКА
2 166
Abstract
The paper analyzes the state of science and technology of the Baltic region countries, compares the structures of funding science and innovations, identifies the problems of cooperation between the participants of the innovative development. The paper analyzes such important factors as: the gross domestic expenditure on R&D, R&D funding sources, the dynamics of the share of R&D expenditure in the income of companies and other things. The analysis is based on the statistical data provided by Eurostat and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
3 158
Abstract
The article considers differences between the categories of threat and risk. The classification of threats of industrial organization is offered. Approaches to the assessment of threats are defined. It is determined that the cost estimation of the losses from the implementation of the threat includes the amount of losses and expenditure on damage compensation. It is proposed to understand the losses from the realization of the threat as the negative consequences, expressed in monetary terms, which have already occurred or may occur as a result of the threat implementation. The article offers the system of indicators for the evaluation of threats and methods of determining the costs of the management of the opposition, including the calculation of the stability of the organization, the cost of covering losses and for the reimbursement of indirect losses.
4 156
Abstract
In the article the opportunities of different food market participants interaction are analyzed as well as the opportunities of this market management with the help of marketing instruments, which allow to manage the market with the highest degree of effectiveness. Management productivity is achieved by means of interaction with consumers, based on social responsibility of producers and government.
ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИЯ
34 188
Abstract
Abstruct. The article deals with the problem of the use of the assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on the background of almost complete absence of legal regulation of the issue in the legislation of the Russian Federation. Due to the relative newness of these technologies there is no clearly single position on this issue - the European Consensus - which is proved by numerous decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. At the same time the RF legislation on reproduction is one of the most loyal, as it practically doesn't limit people's access to the use of these technologies irrespectively of their gender and marital status, but at the same time it is far from being perfect and needs serious improvement.
52 327
Abstract
The article discusses the issues related to the elucidation of the nature, essence and tasks of forensic tactics and tactical and forensic techniques, reveals the essence of many years of discussion among forensic scientists about the nature of the term "strategy", "tactic", their values, the development of a historical perspective and contemporary trends of their development, the main categories which are in their basis, and connections with such categories as "confrontation", "fight", "conflict"
35 176
Abstract
Using the comparative legal method of scientific cognition the article studies the issues of executing arrest as a form of military personnel punishment in Ukraine. The author formulates the conclusions on the feasibility of the existence of this kind of punishment in the system of penalties prescribed by the Ukrainian legislation. The questions of executing arrest in the military guardrooms of the Military Law Enforcement Service in the Armed Forces of Ukraine are described. Basing on the positive foreign experience of rulemaking the article proposes some ways to improve the legislative provisions of the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine concerning the execution of arrest in relation to the military personnel. The provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are criticized, especially those connected with the cancelation of conviction by a serviceman who has served his punishment in the form of arrest (being a ticket-of-leave convict).
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА И СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПЕДАГОГИКА
30 255
Abstract
The article considers the key ideas of the innovator that have been developed afterwards due to their innovative and humanistic nature. Consequently, his pedagogics appeared to be historically perspective not only for the modern epoch. This fact is especially clearly seen through the evolution of Makarenko's attitude towards the problem of the aims of education. The teacher considered that the solution of the contradiction between the general (collective) and private (personal) remains to be the main problem to solve for all the modern and future pedagogics.
31 186
Abstract
The article gives grounds for the importance of the problem of origination and prevention of a teacher's professional and personal destructions. The author offers a program of prevention of professional and personal destruction which provides the study of the origins of professional destruction factors of a person and the specific features of the development of a teacher's professional and personal destructions. Particular attention is paid to the diagnostics of teachers' destructions.
32 302
Abstract
The article makes actual the problem of communicative pedagogy formation as an independent branch of pedagogical knowledge. A new approach to A.S. Makarenko's pedagogical creative work is offered in terms of communicative pedagogy. The principles of educational communication developed by the teacher are disclosed, as well as the basic methods, techniques and tools tested by him in practice within the teacher's interaction with students. It is concluded that there is a necessity to go on studying A.S. Makarenko's pedagogical ideas through the context of communicative pedagogy.
33 154
Abstract
The article examines modern approaches to studying the pedagogical heritage of an outstanding Russian teacher A.S.Makarenko. The article emphasizes the analysis of the existing estimates of his system by the theorists of pedagogics as well as its prognostic importance for modern practice of social education.
ISSN 2224-0209 (Online)
