No 2 (2013)
POLITICS
28 154
Abstract
The article reveals the new trends implementing local self-governing in Moscow city. The attention is focused on the implementing government powers by local authorities. The author draws conclusion that there were solid reasons for returning such powers to the city. The article stresses that there is a necessity for the staff of the executive and administrative bodies of local self-government and municipal deputies to improve the level of proficiency. Practically-oriented training is in the center of attention, the specifics of the subject of the Russian Federation taken into account.
29 215
Abstract
The article presents the analysis of the risks and threats, which were associated with the implementation of programs in the Russian state development and based on the theory of post-industrialism. The inadequacy of the theory of «post-industrial society» to global economic trends is shown. The Concept of servicizing Russia is considered as a «strategic trap». The article predicts crisis consequences of applying this concept in the Russian context.
30 214
Abstract
In the article the specifics of marine transport development in Russia are disclosed. The article analyses the modern state of the marine transport infrastructure which has theoretical and practical importance for the development of modern fleet in Russia. The analysis fulfilled allows to draw a conclusion about the development of modern fleet being a priority for marine transport strategy in Russia.
31 192
Abstract
The author is revealing the cultural-historical and socio-political aspects of the Middle Eastern Muslim countries development. These aspects determine and justify many political processes which take place in the region in the modern period along with the political and legal peculiarities of the majority of the Eastern Arab countries. The performed analysis allows to make a conclusion that Islamic principles almost coincide with the "western-democratic" ones when it's referred to the sovereignty of people, equality, freedom and separation of powers.
32 203
Abstract
The article is focused on the factors which under certain external and internal circumstances can lead to metamorphoses of the political regime in the process of domestic political system liberalization. The key point highlighted by the author is that liberalization "from above" carried out by the political elite corresponding to a wide and active involvement of those social groups "from below" (overcoming atomization of the Russian society) can probably cause democratization instead of modification of the existing autocracy.
33 390
Abstract
The article deals with the process of formation of the political system of the Republic of Armenia. The author highlights the stages of the formation of a new political system of the state, reveals features of the process, and highlights the most significant problems and the factors that determine the success and the intensity of the process of institutionalization. The main accent is on the establishment of the state as a political institution, acceptance of the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia and the question of the distribution of powers between the highest state authorities of the Republic of Armenia.
PSYCHOLOGY
34 157
Abstract
The article deals with personal reflection and its role in the process of selfrealization in professional scientific and technical activities. The psychological content and the nature of reflection discloses to scientific and technological activities, its importance for the development of the individual. The article presents the results of the empirical study, which was designed to study the significance of the procedure of cultivation of reflection in the engineering environment to improve productivity of technical thinking and interaction, the efficiency of these procedures at different levels of self-specialists. The author formulates the main requirements and components of personal reflection in scientific and technological activities.
БИОЛОГИЯ
1 157
Abstract
The dynamics of the microrheological properties of erythrocytes and hemocoagulation of sows during gestation in many ways provide the liquid properties of blood (necessary in this physiological state) required for fetal development, as well as for the placental perfusion necessary for the growth of piglets. The animals showed a gradual decrease of cytoarchitectural changes and weakening of aggregation of erythrocytes. The decrease of coagulation factors activity of sows' blood during the gestation leads to the weakening of the coagulation process on both ways of plasma hemostasis. This process is combined with the increase of functional activity of animals' blood anticoagulation and fibrinolysis. Ulterior microrheological properties of red blood cells, low activity and activation of the coagulation system fibrinolysis and anticoagulation blood of pregnant sows enables them to adapt fully to the conditions of existence and to breed successfully.
2 178
Abstract
The analysis of 26 cases of scoliosis of I-II rate was made to study the impact of therapeutic massage on 7-8 year-old children's level of erythrocyte aggregation and cytoarchitecture. A six-month application of therapeutic massage courses to cure 7-8 year-old children with scoliosis showed that it can significantly reduce lipid peroxidation in plasma and in erythrocytes increasing their antioxidant protection, improving erythrocyte aggregation performance and their cytoarchitecture. It is important that courses of massage haven't brought them closer to the level of control.
3 180
Abstract
The article presents the description of the morphological variability of golden carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) of the four reservoirs of the North-West Caucasus. The focus of the study is fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of sustainable development. It is noted that there are different levels of fluctuating asymmetry of individuals of different biotopes. The author considers it to prove that there are different conditions of embryonic and post embryonic development. Scientific publications on this issue are analysed.
4 159
Abstract
The article presents the results of the research studying the vegetative and seed reproduction of ornamental kinds of Symphytum asperum and Cyanus montanus which are becoming wild. Besides, their potential invasiveness in South Karelia region conditions is assessed. It is stated that their reproduction is associated only with cultivated areas. Vegetative reproduction provides their transition into cultural species, but the indicators of their vegetative reproduction (the length of rhizomes, the amount of buds) are significantly lower than the aborigine Tussilago farfara L. has. The seed production of the plants (the amount of seeds, their germinating ability) is surely lower than the invasive kind of Impatiens glandulifera Royle has in Karelia. The reproductive potential of the species studied is insufficient for drawing the conclusion that these species running wild are becoming invasive species.
5 180
Abstract
The article is based on the material for the establishment of silvicultural and ecological assessment of phenological forms of spruce, collected from 2002 till 2006 with the observance of generally accepted methods and State Standards. Repeated calculations of forest plantations and dynamic monitoring were carried out by the authors in Dikovsky forest district of Vologda region. The article presents the evaluation of site conditions, the established spruce form diversity and the detailed analysis of spruce growth peculiarities, as well as the peculiarities of its development under the influence of internal and external factors.
ГЕОГРАФИЯ
8 175
Abstract
Both positive and negative factors should be connected with natural evolution of wetland ecosystems. To be able to react adequately to the processes of redundant humidification and swamping of lands, or the territory siccation and desertification, it is important to be aware of direct or reverse correlations both inside ecosystems and outside them; and to reveal the mechanisms of such correlations. In this connection, there is a necessity of developing complex exploration programs which would follow the nature management within wetland ecosystems.
ИСТОРИЯ
9 154
Abstract
The author dwells upon the problems of legal control of volost judges' independence in the post-reform Russia and the problems of law-enforcement practice. Under analysis is the problem of separating the volost court from administrative authorities and material security of judges, etc. The author concludes within the period of developing regulatory legal system for implementation of the peasant reform it was impossible to create an effective system of ensuring judges' independence due to several reasons. One of them was that there was lack of unity among legislators in the issue of giving guarantees of judges being independent. Besides, the government considered volost courts to be exclusively peasant courts.
10 243
Abstract
On the basis of archival documents the article reconstructs organizational foundations and specifics of the youth outbound tourism in the USSR in the initial period of the activity of the Bureau of international youth tourism called «Sputnik». The conclusion about the expansion of outbound tourism geography and the expansion of tourist international links adjoins the conclusion about the focus of tourist flows, first of all, on the countries of the Soviet block. It is stated that together with the rapid growth of the number of the Soviet young tourists travelling abroad the amount of outbound tourism was lagging behind the amount of entrance tourism. The strategy of direct exchange without currency payments was implemented together with the measures aimed at increasing the amount of commercial tourism, especially with the countries of the West.
11 285
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of Decembrists' generalizations and conclusions on the most important questions of the Russian history: origin of the state, power and people, education, the role of nobility, principles of autocracy, prospects of serfdom functioning, and others. The author gives grounds for the existence of Decembrists' original edifice on the country's past where a lot of things were defined by the peculiarities of mentality and "Asian way of management".
12 190
Abstract
The article is an attempt of dating the major events of the Koliyivshchyna by analyzing the Ukrainian and Polish official documents and memoirs. Basic versions of dating the events of the 1768 uprising performed by previous researchers of the haidamak movement are specified. The specific features of the methods to perform the precise dating the main events of the Koliyivshchyna are revealed. The processing of the official documents and memoirs are carried out by using the methods of structural and thematic analysis.
13 172
Abstract
The process of formation and development of the practical training system in the Soviet higher educational institutions for national minorities in the 1920th years is investigated in the article on the example of Communist University of National Minorities of the West. The article researches the typology of students' practical training, the specific features of foreign students' practical activities, as well as the specifics of the educational process of the communist international universities. The role and importance of practical training for students are described, as well as its results. The article uses the documents which had not been introduced in the scientific circulation before.
14 180
Abstract
One of the promising areas of the Russian state policy is the development of relations with foreign compatriots. Preservation of the language and cultural traditions is a basic condition for the development of these relations. Broad infrastructure of commercial services has been developed, covering all the aspects of immigrants' life. Appearance of Russian-speaking service outside this or that country promotes greater interaction between Russia and its compatriots abroad.
ЛИНГВИСТИКА
15 345
Abstract
This article is focused on some vital problems of linguistics and translation, such as: the role of a translator as a creative person in the translation process, machine translation systems, criteria for assessing the quality of machine translation (MT), the cooperative work of a translator and a machine translation system, as well as strategies for effective post-editing of the translation. The author states it is quite possible to use the MT (even in its current state) in many areas of science and business. The article presents numerous examples of machine translation of texts from various spheres of life, especially the Internet, which have a rather satisfactory quality. The author makes an attempt to define which niches in the field of translation can be entrusted to MT, and which - to a translator whose work remains a creative process up till now.
16 222
Abstract
This article discusses the basic text categories related to the essence of the prayer text, as well as with its individual components, and a set of linguistic resources that serve the realization of the main idea of "Our Father" prayer. The author draws attention to such text categories as: temporality, locality, modality, personality and reference. All of them are differently involved into the mechanisms of text formation thus acquiring in this type of a text both dominant characteristics and minor or even zero ones. By that very fact a certain hierarchy is established which indicates special significance of text categories in such type of texts.
17 766
Abstract
Humour is a characteristic feature of cinematography, so its perception by the audience depends on the film genre. In this research we suggest our own humour classification based on the way it reveals itself in the material in question (in words, in a situation, in acting, musically). The article also highlights the functions of humour in the three genres (comedy, mysticism, history). The author gives the most typical examples from the tree TV series and presents her own variants of translation.
18 190
Abstract
The paper presents the research of verbalization means of an ecological concept «Biodiversität» (“Speciesdiversity") in today's German journalistic discourse, analyses terminological units as a dominant verbalization means of it, and researches the peculiarities of usage of composites, attributive constructions, separate lexemes and substantive connections for objectivation of the concept described. In addition, for a deeper interpretation of the ecological concept «Biodiversität» (“Species diversity") the paper deals with lexicography and part of speech analysis of lexemes, representing information about loss of species diversity.
19 209
Abstract
Mass-media and social media discourses were analyzed to reveal the techniques of Chinese paroemias integration into the contemporary Russian communicative spheres. The study of paroemias was conducted via methodological category of paroemialogeme, which is an axiologically-motivated concept, based on the core meaning of a proverb or saying. The Chinese paroemias entering the Russian linguo-culture undergo transformation of axiology, imagery and content components. The degree of the paroemialogeme modification depends on the discourse pragmatics and the vector of the Chinese and Russian axiological interaction.
20 203
Abstract
The article is a response to the emergence and evolution of linguistic lacunology as a research trend focused on analyzing culture-specific language units having no equivalents in other languages. The article contains the author's votum separatum concerning the ontological status of language lacoons, criticism of their interlinguistic interpretation, doubts about the expediency of applying the concept of lacoon in comparative analysis, and arguments in favour of the view that equivalentlessness and lacunarity of language units / forms are two different phenomena.
21 232
Abstract
In this article S. Inyashkin analyzes the peculiarities of concept realization in science fiction texts written by the most significant American authors of the XX century - A. Asimov and R. Heinlein. The author gives five types of realization of science fiction concepts and points out the influence of occasionalisms, including idiomatic ones, on each of them. S. Inyashkin also says that there are other factors influencing the types of concept realization, including the author's style of writing, the specifications on a frame containing a concept and others.
22 202
Abstract
The article reports the characteristics of the metaphorical modeling of the abstract vocabulary to the analyses of the Russian and German advertising propositions. The author investigates the role of the lexical context in the generation of the associative - figurative background and identifies the problem of the influence of the mataphorical process on affective-evaluative features of advertising proposition. The article describes the metaphor as linguistic device that makes possible for the advertisers with a view to intensification of the communicative effect to activate the correlation of the evaluation and the emotiveness in the process of the interpretation.
23 175
Abstract
The article analyses H.J. Klauck's concept of epistolography in the German language, revealing vast opportunities for comparative description of epistolary heritage as a specific linguistic-cultural phenomenon. It is stressed that its importance is increasing especially in modern epoch when the culture of letter-writing is dying off. The author explains the peculiarities of applying this concept for the analysis of the epistolary heritage of the composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Richard Wagner. The specific features of these composers' epistolary heritage are presented; besides, the linguistic features of their heritage are compared.
ПЕДАГОГИКА
24 174
Abstract
In the 1920s media education became an integral part of the educational system of the Soviet Russia. The necessity and relevance of the introduction of media education was determined by political, economic, and social objectives. The article is devoted to the consideration of issues relating to the specific features of domes tic media education development in the socio-educational situation in Russia in the 1920s. The article reveals the main trends of development of the educational system in the Soviet period and the peculiarities of their influence on the development of the domestic media education in the 1920s. The author outlines the Soviet teachers and ideologists' views on the importance and necessity to use the media in the educational process.
25 157
Abstract
The article presents the results of implementing into educational space of modern school a new method of pedagogical prevention of junior schoolchildren's psycho-emotional disorders through music. Besides, the article summarizes the characteristics of this method potentiality. The author describes the peculiarities of the organization, the main stages, qualimetric and quantitative results of the experimental study of the efficiency of this method.
26 172
Abstract
The article is devoted to the concepts of «Professional competence of the teacher in the field of intellectual and cognitive development of children» and «the Improvement of professional competence of teachers of pre-school education in the sphere of formation of the intellectual-cognitive abilities of children of preschool age». Describes the results of systematic monitoring of the formation of professional competence of teachers and heads of pre-school education in the sphere of formation of the intellectual-cognitive abilities of children.
27 187
Abstract
Fresh water makes up only 3% of the water resources of the Earth, of which 0.5% is available and only 0,003% is used by people for their own needs. From year to year demand for fresh water is growing and, according to the UN data, by 2025 the shortage of fresh water will affect already 2/3 of the world population. We witness water turns from reproducible resource into unreproducible one in the result of booming and thoughtless anthropogenic activities and this is one of dead-end ways for humanity.
РУССКАЯ ФИЛОЛОГИЯ
6 213
Abstract
Microencapsulation is used in various industries. Chitosan is widely used for microencapsulation of various substances. It can prevent the leaching of water-soluble components of the granular mixed fodder for fish. In our experiments, microencapsulated hydrolysate with chitosan was added to mixed fodder for larvae of the guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) in the amount of 0.5%. The use of microencapsulated hydrolysate had negative impact on the survival and the fish mass increase.
7 172
Abstract
The articles presents the results of assessment of the cadmium ions impact on fluctuating asymmetry of measuring and metrical parameters of cucumber seedlings leaves. The measuring parameter was the amount of left and right third order nerves, directed to the right and left from the second order nerve of a true leaf which connects the footstalk and the top of the leaf. The metrical parameter was the area of the left and right halves of a true leaf and the length of cotyledonous leaves. The plants grown in soil containing 5 acceptable concentrations of cadmium (10 mg Cd/kg) the fluctuating asymmetry of measuring parameter significantly exceeded the same parameter of control plants fluctuating asymmetry. The influence of cadmium on the measuring parameters of cotyledonous and true cucumber leaves was not found.
35 194
Abstract
The article is about the problem of M.U. Lermontov's literary education since 1827 till 1834. On the basis of the information about the poet's teachers - A.F. Merzlyakov, S.E. Raich, V.T. Plaksin - the author reconstructs the historical and literary concept, which young Lermontov learnt during his studies. The information discovered lets us understand the place of Russian literature of the 18th century in Lermontov's creative consciousness. Lermontov's special attitude to the native literary heritage is analyzed on the basis of the examples of M.V. Lomonosov and G.R. Derzhavin.
36 165
Abstract
The article considers the ways of achieving a documentary effect in the novel «Der Tunnel» by German writer B. Kellermann. It' s stated that the novel in many respects anticipates the aesthetics of the «Neue Sachlichkeit» movement. The combination of the documentary discourse and genres of fantasy and utopia led Kellermann to a special place in German literature of the first half of the twentieth century. The article discusses the hypothesis of the "pseudo-documentary" strategy in Kellerman's novel.
37 149
Abstract
The article considers the genre of epic cycle and the means of creating a comic effect used in this genre. The author takes into consideration the history and theory of a novel as a genre, and especially the epic novel, which is written in the form of a cycle and the characteristics of the English literature of the beginning of the XXth century. Attention is focused on the portrait characterization, parody and social satire, which are the most widely used in the "war trilogy".
ФИЗИКА И МАТЕМАТИКА
40 227
Abstract
The article presents the formula of transversal electric conductivity and dielectric conductivity of quantum collisional plasma with free extent of degeneration and constant collision rate. The Shrodinger-Boltzmann kinetic equation is used which has the momentum integral of collisions in space with the relaxation-type collision integral. It is shown that having the formula deduced transfers into the formula for classical plasma. The article also show that the wave number vanishes; and the formula of penetrability transfers into the formula for classical plasma. The authors present the graphic analysis of the electric conduction modulus, as well as of its real and imaginary parts, depending on the electromagnetic field oscillation frequency, the size of wave vector at different plasma particles collision rates and the size of electron gaschemical potential.
41 152
Abstract
This article describes the principle and tool software for decision-making support on participation in placement of the state orders with opportunities of the analytical monitoring, providing the solution of problems of multicriteria search and personification of results, ensuring mobility and remote availability of developed services of information exchange with primary data source of the state contracts (zakupki.gov.ru resource FTP server), realization of search of demanded data on placement of the state orders with use of system "Sphinx" and functions of their analytical processing.
42 251
Abstract
The concept of the multiverse is gaining popularity in the course of solving the problem of the origin of the Universe. The integration of different universes in a single multiverse sets a task of finding general grounds for their integration. The issue of existence of life similar to ours in different universes is now of great interest. The anthropic principle becomes vital for outlining the properties of the Universe at different structural levels required for the emergence of life. On the basis of the anthropic principle the value of a cosmological constant of our Universe was defined as a result of theoretical and experimental works.
ФИЛОСОФИЯ
43 171
Abstract
Beliefs about complexity, being extended in synergetic approach, need to be analyzed and revised. In particular, the consideration of difficulty as a measure of unity of order and chaos seems to be perspective, unambiguous understanding of which in the given key is lacking at present. The article considers the category of difficulty in the aspect of structural self-organization of social systems. While considering problems of difficulty of self-organizing social structures the author justifies the thesis that there is a constructive-destructive potential of order in chaos and of chaos in order.
44 236
Abstract
The article considers Mathematics both as a cultural phenomenon and as a person's attitude to the real world. Besides, it is considered as a phenomenon of many-way quantitative perception. Ethnomathematics being taken as an example, it is shown that the human mind can offer billions of quantitative methods of perception of the world. It is stated that our mathematical paradigm is in fact just one of the many possible paradigms and is in direct dependence on the realities of our life. Attention is drawn to the limitations of social and cultural approach to mathematical cognition.
45 171
Abstract
The article investigates the dialectical interrelation of a man and society with inanimate and living nature, their forms relative to independent existence which cause sovereign and independent existence of people, development of this phenomenon as a creative activity. The author substantiates the idea that the basis of scientific and technical creative work is the level of the materialization of scientific knowledge inside the means of human activity to solve contractions relative to independent existence of the society.
46 299
Abstract
The article raises the issue of identifying the nature and parameters of technical and technological security. The author convincingly shows the importance of the issue and offers the option of its decision on the basis of the reflection and analysis of the nature and parameters of different types of social security systems: national, economic, environmental, technological, etc. One of the results of the analysis carried out in the article is that the author formulates the definition of technical and technological security.
47 190
Abstract
The article explores a connection between national forms of international solidarity and social progress. Through substantial historical investigation the forms of some nations' development are described and national development in general is compared with social progress. It is convincingly shown that both national development and social progress are founded on humanism. Moreover, the humanism of social entities is as significant as the humanism based on personality's values, which is an important aspect in the epoch of globalization.
48 213
Abstract
The article studies the peculiarities of forming civil culture which is built on the basis of a dialogue and cooperation bringing together people of different views and orientations. The author concludes that new values and directions of social development are formed through mutual compromises and concessions which are accepted by all public forces. As a result the system of behavioural rules is worked out and the participants of the interaction become dependent on each other.
ЭКОНОМИКА
49 161
Abstract
The article presents the analysis of the stages of economic potential development of industrial enterprises on the example of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The author analyses the approaches to the content of the enterprises' economic potential according to five stages of development from administrative-planned economy to the modern stage of increasing globalization. The article defines the main problems to be solved by the Republic's industrial enterprises due to the necessity of increasing their economic potential.
50 181
Abstract
This article discusses the possibility of maintaining and increasing own capital, as well as reducing the investment risk during the crisis period. Investment instruments are described in details, their strengths and weaknesses were identified. One part of the instruments is quite attractive in interrelation risk/return ratio that allows investing in them with confidence and without equity defaults. Another part, on the contrary, is less favorable for investing. The author makes an appropriate conclusion based on the investment instruments analysis.
51 165
Abstract
The article discloses the necessity and preconditions of controlling development at the industrial enterprises; the assessment of efficiency of controlling instruments application in managing foreign industrial companies is given. The author singles out some specific features of controlling at the Russian industrial enterprises. The processes of introduction of controlling systems are described. The article provides the scheme of some possible directions of reorganization of an industrial enterprise's control system, taking into account the system of controlling having been introduced.
52 310
Abstract
The article is devoted to the theoretical aspects of personnel risks systematization in the organization. The article investigates the etymology of the concept "personnel risk". Besides, the article offers the results of the comparative analysis of different approaches to defining a risk and identifies their drawbacks. The concepts "personnel risks", "risks of the personnel", "risks of personnel management" are differentiated in the article. The author offers her own definition of a personnel risk and shows its basic differences and advantages. The basic characteristics of personnel risk are considered to be as follows: the situation, the source and the object of risk (or risk bearer).
53 160
Abstract
Noncommercial organizations in the XXIst century start to win the leading positions in the post-industrial society. So it is necessary to come to the understanding of the fact that noncommercial organizations in Russia should make full use of the methodology of the study of managing such organizations. In post-industrial society economics the knowledge of an individual is regarded to be the main capital. Education in its own turn is an area of economics where an individual acquires and multiplies his knowledge. In modern conditions knowledge should be acquired in the system of continuous education and social partnership. It is this problem that the article is devoted to.
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА И ПЕДАГОГИКА
38 195
Abstract
The article is devoted to the search of effective methods of speech restoration, patients with efferent motor aphasia as a stroke consequence being the subject of the study. The author considers the possibility of application of the socially oriented approach in such cases. The approach mentioned is implemented at group lessons of visual arts activity. The research presents one of the options of the complex speech therapy job, organized in small groups (dyads). Positive dynamics of overcoming the aphasia, received as a result of the specified approach is shown, the analysis of opportunities of restoration of the lost speech, communicative and social functions in the course of collective lessons of visual arts activity is given.
39 168
Abstract
The article deals with the philosophy and methodology of new approaches to the teaching, learning and assessment based on the formation of competences and aimed at the learning outcomes. The authors focus their attention on the analysis of transformational process from general fundamental education to the deeper practice-centered perspective, where the students independently develop their learning strategies in accordance with the individual research interests and the needs of the labor market. In this context there are teaching methods, learning activities and instruments of assessment activity revealed.
ISSN 2224-0209 (Online)
