The article addresses the issue of absence of voters - electoral absenteeism basing on the materials of the 2000-2012 Presidential campaign. Having analyzed sociological studies the authors conclude that the main types of absentees in the presidential elections in Russia are passive citizens, apolitical and alienated from politics. The authors forecast the level of absenteeism in the 2018 presidential election to be not higher than 40 % in case there will not be any social cataclysms. Some ways to solve the problem of non-participation in the elections are proposed. Among them: enhancing the level of political culture of citizens since school age, and the introducing an electronic voting for young people.

The article is devoted to the analysis of approaches to the text analyzing, including a political one. The interpretation of a text as a particular person's world view in a particular historical situation is being separately considered. The background and the basis for such interpretation are analyzed. Besides, its critique and transformation in the XX century, as well as the current trends of political text interpretation are discussed. The conclusion is made about the relevance of the problem of the role of the author's political particularity, as well as of the objective sense of phenomenology as a mechanism which broadcast this sense.

The article analyzes the activity of the Islamic ultras in Syria which activated as a result of the Syrian conflict. The aims, mechanism of functioning, as well as their ideology together with the main features and differences between the most radical Islamist organizations are scrutinized. The conclusion is made about the role of numerous Islamic groups in Syrian conflict being insufficiently studied. Such misunderstanding results in a false idea that only four forces are interacting in the Syrian conflict: the government forces, Kurdish voluntary military forces, the Islamic State and so called moderate opposition, whereas the warring parties are greater in number.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the key characteristics of mass political communication in the conditions of the post-information society. The article demonstrates the appearance of independent communication meanings and values. As a result, political content as it is, being outside the context of the possibilities of its use in the processes of communicative interaction, loses its value and importance. The transition to the horizontal level of communicative interaction leads to the virtualization of the public space of modern politics, the basic foundation of which increasingly being the communication simulation. All this greatly affects the format of the modern political management as a whole. The study concludes that members of online communities in the information and communication interaction, which the author refers to a form of social activity, actively shape the semantic characteristics of real processes and phenomena that are different from their objective content

The article discusses the possibility of using the "Wikipedia" encyclopedic system as one of the key sources of information dissemination on the Internet in the course of election campaigns and as a multi-channel for forming a political image in the network space, as well as a tool of promotion of the image in the information field, and an effective means of combating competitors. Besides, it is one of the ways to implement the "counter-PR" strategies. The article includes a comprehensive empirical study, using quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as the comparative analysis of foreign practice cases with elements of descriptiveness. On this basis the theses about the encyclopedia are confirmed, including the political aspect. The conclusions about the current political rivalry are also made, as well as about the propaganda process and image-making as part of this communication channel.

The evolution of war and peace issues in the works of I. Kant, J.G. Fichte, G.W. Hegel, the representatives of German classical philosophy, is introduced in the article. Each of the thinkers, basing on the ideal of "eternal peace" which was characteristic for the Enlightenment era, eventually comes to the conclusion that it is not feasible, at least in the nearest future. The general result of German classics' reflections on the problem of war and peace was the conclusion about the necessity and inevitability of the legal establishment of international relations, which, while not being an absolute guarantee of peace, promotes the withdrawal from either potential or actual war.

The article reviews youth movements and organizations of modern Russia, witch support Russian President and are actively involved in national political life in its current development phase. The detailed analysis of evolution of the associations is given: from the classical anti-revolutionary youth communities to the various forms of political communication of youth groups which vary from great-power structures in the pro-presidential organizations to informal art groups. The author emphasizes there is some connection between modern forms of organization of pro-presidential youth communities and initial youth organizations, witch are focused on counteraction to potential implementation of "colour revolution" in Russia.

The article examines the experience of the Russian liberal subculture formation in the middle of the XIX - early XX centuries and analyzes the forms of public space organization in the XIX - early XX century Russia. The aim of this work is to identify the main stages and peculiarities of this process. The paper shows the way proto-party organizations were formed step by step on the basis of a wide range of liberal ideas. In the course of time they became increasingly formalized, structured, and began to play a significant role on the Russian political arena.

On the basis of the Russian idea of "Keeping" ('khranitel'stvo') the article proposes an analysis of political views of Russian writers of the first half of the XIX century: A.S. Pushkin, V.A. Zhukovsky, P.A. Vyazemsky, N.V. Gogol, S.P Shevyryov. It is concluded that the representatives of the Russian idea of "keeping" ('khranitel'stvo¹) made the world acquainted with Slavs, Russian people, melodious Russian language, Russian epics, songs and tales in search of Russia and its "specific" way. Besides, they spread knowledge about the ancient Russian literature, the history of the great Slavic state and Russian absolutism (samoderzhavie). They also affirmed the assessment of the role of the traditional Orthodox doctrine and the Orthodox Church.

The article discusses the place and role of the term "democracy" in the history of political thought in various historical documents. Historical documents and acts, which are important milestones in the history of the formation of democratic regimes, are analyzed. It is concluded that the late introduction of the concept of "democracy" into the political lexicon is not due to the need to establish democratic regimes, and the need to change the form of government from monarchy to Republic. Therefore, the term "democracy" for a long time was not used. It is concluded that the analysis of the evolution of the use of the term "democracy" in the political discourse reveals a number of problems of modern democratic regimes.

The article presents the results of empirical studies of the psychological adaptation of people with late lesions of musculoskeletal system. The purpose of the study was to identify and analyze the adaptive resource of people with severe physical injuries. On the basis of the comparative analysis of adaptability indicators of people disabled since childhood and disabled in the result of late lesions of musculoskeletal system it was found that severe physical injury is the dominant factor for maladaptive states of a person. The authors come to the conclusion that the features of adaptation of people with disabilities of musculoskeletal system have regular manifestation. Besides, there is a need for the development of individual programs of psychological rehabilitation. The authors consider them to be expedient.

The article deals with the idea about psychological predetermination of scientific thinking shift from classical understanding of the social situation of development as one of the main sources of human development to the concept of contemporary socio-cultural situation of a child in the digital age. Basing on the analysis of modern content of socio-cultural situation, the author puts forward the thesis that the current socio-cultural environment should be considered not only from the standpoint of psychological risks arising in connection with the introduction of the Internet technology, but also as a medium, which has a great potential, opening up new opportunities for a child's personality development.

The article is devoted to studying the problem of a psychologist's professional readiness for work with children with disabilities. The structural components of professional readiness, determining the ability of providing psychological help to children with disabilities, are determined on the basis of the theoretical-methodological analysis. The use of the factor analysis method enabled to distribute the terms required of a psychologist to be professionally ready for work with children with disabilities into two important groups of factors - physiological and psychological. The objective understanding of the significance of the professional readiness factors and their psycho diagnostics gives possibility to perform the professional selection of specialists who are ready to work with children whose abilities are limited.

The article describes the theoretical model of a person's sex-role behavior through the standpoint of positive psychotherapy. It reveals theoretical and practical aspects of the studied problem relevance. In addition, it analyzes theoretical approaches to the problem of sex-role behavior, specifies the concepts of sex-role behavior and the «masculinity-femininity» construct. The article also describes the levels and components of the theoretical model of sex-role behavior within the theoretical and methodological background of positive psychotherapy. In conclusion, the authors develop a hypothesis on the possibility of practical use of the proposed model in the process of providing psychological support to the individual clients, couples (sexual partners), who have difficulties in the individual sex-role area, and in the sex-role form of marital maladjustment.

The article is considers the views of modern Russian psychologists on the strategies of coping behavior of an individual. Various stressful situations and character reactions to them are discussed. Special attention is given to the coping strategies depending on the personal characteristics of an individual and the nature of the stressful situation. It is noted that the study of the strategies of coping behavior is associated with certain problems requiring theoretical and methodological resolution. As a result, the concept of coping behavior is specified, the classification of the factors determining the preferred coping strategy is formulated.

The article deals with the place of money and value-semantic attitude to money in the space of a modern couple and the urgency of requests for psychological assistance in connection with this matter. The logic and content of author's program of spouses' enhancing consistency of value-semantic attitude to money is revealed. The article analyzes the results of program implementation, as well as their subjective and objective assessments. Basing on the results received the conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the proposed program.

The article describes the main approaches to the study of the psychology of terrorism. The publication is devoted to the analysis of foreign and domestic scientific studies of terrorism as a behavioral phenomenon with some motivational aspects. Attention is paid to the point of view that terrorism is closely connected with certain mental disorders. The authors give a brief review of basic psychological models of terrorism formation.

The article looks into some aspects of Russian and Bulgarian mentality by exploring one of the key words in both cultures - the lexeme happiness. The concept of happiness has an important place in the human axiological consciousness. The lingua-cultural approach adopted in the study helps to reveal the specific national mentality of Russians and Bulgarians in relation to the concept of happiness. The analysis relies on the comparison of data from dictionaries which provide the meaning, etymology and synonyms of the lexeme in both languages, as well as the contextual use of the words for happiness in Russian and Bulgarian. The conclusions are based on the comparative analysis of the language representations of both lexemes

The author of the article considers national phraseology as a unique depository and a means to transmit ethnic, cultural and confessional memory. Phraseological units and paroemias are interpreted as linguocognitive structures that fix and reflect native speakers' centuries old experience, traditions, stereotypes, spiritual values and worldview dominants of an ethnos. As a result of the conducted research conclusions can be drawn about the specificity of a phraseological unit as a special culturogenic indication of a language, about its ability to retain symbolic, associative, mental, axiological, cultural and confessional markers in its semantic structure. These markers characterize national worldview of an ethnos.

The article scrutinizes the lexis representing meanings of aural sensing in the language of A. Akhmatova's poetry. Contextual specificity of the linguistic-poetic means, peculiar to the author's individual style, is studied. The article highlights the close relationship of human mental activity with perception, namely the auditory perception of reality, as well as the integrity of the synergetic processes of perception and state of the artistic space of A. Akhmatova. Semantic versatility of perceptive vocabulary in the language of A. Akhmatova's lyrics does not only participate in the formation of the author's individual style, but also enhances our understanding of the aural sensing model in the Russian language conscience.

The article deals with the analysis of a speech portrait of Donald Trump in the 2016 election campaign. In the article the speech portrait of the political leader is described on the basis of a certain linguistic model which consists of two main components. The first component is known as a content component. It is closely connected with the basic concepts used by the political leader in his speeches. The analysis proves that the concepts reveal some traditional values of American people. The second component, a communicative one, helps us to describe some speech strategies and tactics of Donald Trump in his push for power.

This article describes the typology of phonological neutralization. As a result of the conducted analysis, the author concludes that neutralization is still perceived differently by Russian linguists and Prague Phonological School which first described it. In the article the author describes five conditions that are implicitly applied to neutralization. The author comes to the conclusion that there are at least two different types of neutralization which differ from each other by different number of conditions.

During the work of the interuniversity "round table", organized by an electronic journal "Bulletin of Moscow Region State University", the essence of new educational paradigm, as well as psychological features of professional preparation of university students came into question. Special attention was given to the problems of digital educational environment as a condition for upgrading level of education at universities. Besides, psychological problems of educating in a digital educational environment were also covered. During the discussion features of preparing psychologists-consultants at a state university were touched upon. Typical difficulties in mastering the person-centered approach were defined. Preparation of psychologists-consultants with the status of master's degree in psychology at a state institution of higher education was considered in the context of modern humanitarian knowledge: conceptual model; self-knowledge in the structure of professional preparation of modern teachers and features of educating styles preferred by students-psychologists. The consideration of the use of a social-psychological training as a health saving educational technology was discussed as a potential of work with the students with limited possibilities of health in the system of inclusive education. Well-known psychologists and teachers of three universities took part in the discussion: Moscow Region State University: E. Utlik, I. Zhmurin, R. Kishikov, N. Kolesnik, V. Kuzovkin; Moscow Pedagogical State University: A. Verbitckiy, E. Sorokoymova, E. Puchkova, U. Suhovershina; National Research University «Higher School of Economics»: V. Kolpachnikov