The article considers the main trends of the state policy of Russia on reforming the general historical education in the conditions of the radical transformation of the socio-political structure. The use of the general scientific method, as well as the systemic and problem-chronological ones, made it possible to single out two main stages of state policy: 1991-1999; and 2000 - 2019. In the framework of the first stage, which is characterized by the dominance of the liberal paradigm in Russian society, historical education was carried out on off-grade grounds. So it contributed to the chaos of historical consciousness of younger generation. The need to strengthen the Russian state since early 2000s predetermined the increasing role and place of historical education in positive socialization of young people, and in the formation of its citizenship foundations and relevant behavioral values. The practical importance of the article is that it examines both the achievements and the significant problems and contradictions that accompanied this process.

The analysis of Frederick II’s (Frederick the Great) views on the issue of war and peace in his composition «Anti-Machiavel» is represented in the article. This essay has brought him fame as one of the XVIII century’s most important thinkers. The complex of ideas concerning war and peace issues in Frederick the Great’s works is defined for the first time as the primary for German political thought of the Enlightenment age. Frederick II’s creative heritage exercised a significant influence on I.G. Herder, the classics of German philosophy and C. von Clausewitz. The practical significance of the article is that it might be used for developing training courses and course-books on the history of political thought.

The article is devoted to the analysis of contradictions of modern humanitarian discourse conceptualizing the universal status of political rights and freedoms, as well as the associated universal human identity in the international political dimension. Applying the poststructuralist approach to the analysis of political practices, the author demonstrates that modern humanism, claiming the universalist status, nevertheless, contributes to the construction of communities of “friends” and “enemies”. It is this contradiction that allows the use of humanitarian discourse in securitization practices, as well as the legitimization of violence and emergency measures.

The author makes an attempt to answer the question about “special” interests of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Existing approaches to the study of this problem are subjected to a critical review: representative-political and legal-normative. The author proves that the key aspect of the political dimension of the indigenous problem is connected with the rights of the indigenous peoples to use land and other natural resources. They were these problems that gave rise to the protest movement “the Voice of tundra” with a loud arctic and international resonance.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the struggle of Christian-democratic forces for political domination in the countries of Western Europe in the post-war period. The author explores the complex of factors contributing to the political success of these forces, noting that those were the democristians who, under ideological confrontation, were able to offer the European electorate an alternative strategy based on Christian values and democratic principles of post-war reorganization of society, as well as an effective model of socio-economic policy. The article examines in detail the experience of “special democracy” that has developed in post-war Italy and is the most illustrative example of the political dominance of Christian democratic forces.

The aim of the work is to analyze the threats and potentials of computer games to implement the memory policy, understood by the authors as a set of tools and techniques used by political actors to assert in the mass consciousness an advantageous interpretation of historical facts and political events. The article shows that the multiplayer nature of modern computer games gives the researcher the right, first, to define their part as a network, and second, to consider it as a special format of political communication. The principles of content analysis, archetypal analysis, comparative studies and the case study are used as methodological opticians. It has been revealed that, despite the existing debate in the scientific community about the degree of manipulative influence of computer games on the mass consciousness, most researchers recognize the importance of the subculture factor of gamers, which various actors, including political ones, are trying to influence. Evidence of this impact is the fixation of archetypes, political stereotypes, historical myths and fakes. The conclusions indicate that if the state in the conditions of modern digitalization does not pay enough attention to such a channel for implementing the memory policy as computer games, then other political actors will take advantage of it for their own purposes. The work is focused on the increment of theoretical knowledge in the Game Studies segment on the memory policy in computer games.

The purpose of the article is to study the specifics of social media as a mechanism for forming the image of the modern Russian state. On the basis of psychosemantic methods, content analysis of text messages of social media, the values and ideas developed in the communicative space of social media, their projections in the image of the state are explored. The peculiarities of citizens’ perception of political objects in the context of the network logic of the organization of information exchange are revealed. The conducted research allowed identifying the main thematic groups of associations (verbal and visual), representing a sample of Russian political consciousness as well as concluding that materialist values prevail in the image structure of the modern Russian state, the destruction of sacred ideas about power, the state as a result of the transformation of modern communicative space. The article uses the author’s redaction of the concept of “network image” as a set of knowledge, ideas, and assessments about the state, which are formed in the minds of the Internet users as a result of their interaction on social media sites. In conclusion, the proposals and recommendations for overcoming the critical perception of the modern Russian state are formulated, taking into account the main trends in the development of the communicative space of social media.

This research was associated with illocutionary mechanism which determines the necessity of a special type replica in reply to the interlocutor’s replica. 15 children aged 4 to 5 years from one and the same kindergarten group participated in the research. 10 dialogues, with total amount of 591 replicas, were analyzed. The study shows that illocutive dependent replicas dominate in children’s dialogues. Confusion of illocutionary mechanism is connected with the appearance of illocutive independent replicas. The research resulted in new data about the illocutionary mechanism. The models of “verbal-nonverbal” interaction were also described in this study.

The aim of the study is to analyze the linguistic parameters obtained as a result of statistical text analysis of subjects with different mental status (healthy, depression, schizophrenia) from the perspective of the pathopsychological syndrome. The computer analysis of 548 texts on the topic «Me, others, the world» was carried out. The results of the analysis are given which show differences in the groups of subjects by categories of person and tense. The key role of social orientation and its connection with cognitive need, acting as a general need for interaction with the world, is argued. The revealed features can be used for the sociopsychological rehabilitation of patients. The interdisciplinary character of the research allows us to bring the development of fundamental problems to a new level - the role of psychic in the etiology and pathogenesis of endogenous mental disorders. The necessity of a qualitative analysis of the results obtained is justified, which makes it possible to plan the application of a more complex scheme of work with the help of a new instrumentation based on artificial intelligence methods.

The purpose of this article is to identify the influence of personal features on the assessment of the quality of life. The research is conducted within works on creating robots assistants in the field of health-saving. The authors carried out the analysis of the empirical material on the basis of questionnaires of assessing the quality of life, traits of character and hostility. According to the received results people with the hypertimity radical will estimate their quality of life as rather high one, and their way of life - as healthy. With the growth of hostility the quality of life is assessed as the decreasing one. In the conclusion of the article certain ways to develop health-saving technologies are offered, including the field of the Internet assistants, focused on the formation of people’s healthy lifestyle, personal features being taken into account.

The aim of the article is to examine the interferential process from the standpoint of stylistic resources. The actuality of the research deals with the very object of the research, due to the fact that there are many approaches to the definition of the interferential phenomenon, both negative and positive. Knowing possible mistakes and most probable inclinations, one can foresee and eradicate the insufficiency of speaker’s knowledge. This is the main theoretical load of the research. The procedure takes three stages: identification, classification and recommendation. The thoroughly examined examples of real bilingual speech enable his parents to form a number of strategies, preventing stylistic depletion of both languages, which is the main practical value of the undertaken research.

The language of a work of fiction is treated in the article as the embodiment of the author’s philosophical and psychological experience. The story under study sums up Tolstoy’s longstanding years of deliberation. The article discusses the main moral and ethical categories of being, multidimensional aspects of human psychology and their implementation mainly in the lexical design of the text. There is a connection between the story and other works of Tolstoy in terms of the unity of idiostyle and methods of working with language means that represent the moral search for personality. The features of the author’s semantic transformations of lexical meanings, their expansion and enrichment are revealed. The forms of connotative stratifications are studied (negative assessing, ironic rethinking, etc.). The reasons for the sustained popularity of this story among the readers of different generations are determined. The theoretical significance of the work is to deepen scientific knowledge about the lexical and stylistic innovations of L. N. Tolstoy’s creative method. The practical value lies in applying a comprehensive methodological approach to the study, including the study of the philological, psychological and philosophical aspects of the literary text.