Aim. To characterize and analyze the 1996- 2020 constitutional amendments, which affected the organization and functioning of the highest bodies of state power, local self-government and the federal structure of the country. Methodology. A comparison of the constitutional process in Russia and the countries of the near and far abroad is made; a political and legal analysis of the process of making changes to the Constitution of Russia in concrete historical conditions and development is carried out. Results. The author offers the following periodization of the constitutional transformations stages: stage 1 (1996-2008) - “renovation of the facade”, during which the names of the subjects of the Federation were changed in the Basic Law; stage 2 (2008-2019) - “strengthening of the foundations” - amendments aimed at strengthening the power vertical and the institutional design of the highest state authorities in the country; stage 3 (from 2020) - “redevelopment of the building” - a significant transformation of the Russian political system, strengthening of presidential power, unification under the definition of “public power” of its three levels - federal, regional and municipal. Research implications. The author’s approach is formulated in the article, which consists in highlighting the stages of constitutional reforms in Russia aimed at modifying the political system of society.

Aim. The purpose of the presented study was to correlate the results of the scientific conference “State policy in the context of global challenges of our time” (20 November 2020) with the actual needs and challenges of the political sciences development, the current state of the civilizational direction of political science analysis. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was a civilizational approach to understanding political processes and correlating with it the content of the reports of the scientific conference. The article provides an overview of the reports presented at the conference, considered in the general context of the development of Russian political science. Results. The main result of the study was the statement that modern Russian political science has reached the level of developing the concept of “state-civilization” and its application to the realities of state administration in Russia. A number of key problems of applying the civilizational approach to various spheres of social life are identified. Research implications. The presented results have the prospect of further use in the development of the direction of civilizational analysis in Russia, the implementation of theoretical provisions on the state-civilization in the practice of Russian public administration.

Aim. Revealing the logic of the development of media activism, typologizing its stages and analyzing views on the further trajectory of its development. Methodology. The article provides a retrospective analysis of media activist practices since the 1990s until now. The methods of content analysis, intent analysis, case studies and a comparative approach were used in the research. Results. The study of media activism from the 1990s to 2020 allowed to establish the stages of media activism development, the forms it took and to assess various points of view concerning the tendencies of its further transformations. Research implications. The research results contribute to the theory of civic participation in general and its forms due to digitalization, in particular.

Aim. Analysis of the State Program to Assist Voluntary Resettlement of Compatriots Living Abroad to the Russian Federation to determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of its implementation. Methodology. The authors consider the program as one of the effective tools for implementation of the state migration policy that helps attract compatriots to the Russian Federation. The article presents the types and features of public management program and target tools in social and economic development of the country and its security. Arguments in favor of a clear link between the goals and tasks of the state body with the planned quantifiable results and the necessary financial resources are given. Methods of statistical analysis, analysis of scientific literature, analysis of materials provided by Federal Executive bodies are used. On the basis of a systematic and institutional approach the problems and prospects of the state resettlement policy towards compatriots are considered, and the ways to solve them are substantiated. Results. Proposals for the state bodies to improve the process of attracting compatriots to the country and normative regulating of this sphere are prepared. Research implications. The materials contained in this research can be used by Federal and Regional Executive bodies that formulate and realize the state policy and normative regulation in the field of migration, including issues of the organization of resettlement and settlement of compatriots.

Aim. The study identifies the key ideological and strategic attitudes of radical left parties towards the European integration and the European Union. Methodology. The study uses the comparative method, the method of system analysis, the institutional method, and the historical method. The paper systematizes the existing theoretical approaches to the study of party-based Euroscepticism. The author’s classification of the positions of radical left parties towards the EU and European integration is presented. Results. The analysis showed that the attitude to European integration is the main point of contradictions within the radical left party family. Disagreements between Euro-reformists and Eurosceptics have led to the emergence of competing party confederations at the European level: The Party of the European Left, The Initiative of Communist and Workers’ Parties, Now the People (Maintenant le Peuple), DiEM25, that makes the relationship between the radical left parties of the EU countries even more complex. The development of a coherent and distinct vision of the European Union remains one of the most important strategic tasks for radical left parties. Research implications. The study helps to clarify the ideological and strategic positions of radical left parties and their place in the EU political process.

Aim. The study analyses the changes that occurred in the national consciousness during the post-Soviet period, and the impact that the transformation processes had on the state of elements of national consciousness. Methodology. The analysis of scientific literature, as well as sociological research related to the formation of national consciousness. Results. The analysis showed that in recent years serious work has been done in Russian society to understand national identity. However, there are still problems in the area of deep knowledge of history and culture, understanding foundations and logic of national development. Research implications. The study identified the importance of establishing the national identity to preserve political stability and strengthen the unity of Russian society in the conditions of aggravation of confrontation in the international arena and the information war.

Aim. Research of the latest practice (forms, methods, tools and technologies) of information operations, the peculiarities of their hybridization, as well as the latest forms and methods of counteraction. Methodology. The growing militarization of the information space is leading to a change in views on the use of force to change the geopolitical balance. This, in turn, is leading to a real technological revolution in the field of information, hybrid and trade wars. The study of this kind of complex, complexly organized processes and schemes requires the application of the methodology of a systematic approach, opening and defining algorithms of all “chains” of information and psychological impact, used in information operations of a new type. Results. The article reveals in detail the main forms, schemes, elements of modern information operations, which originate from the “Panama Papers” of 2016; using the publications in the New York Times (05/24/2019) and the Wall Street Journal (06.03.2019), it is demonstrated exactly what planting disinformation is and what exactly it is intended for; the example of specific information operations (“Prague incident” with ricin in 2020, statement by S. Rice “Russian methodology for organizing coups d’etat” of 2020, “The Skripals poisoning of ” 2018-2020, “The Venezuelan precedent” and “Operation Gedeon” 2019-2020 show exactly how planting disinformation is used in modern tactical (operational games) and strategic operations of information warfare; highlights the general lines and main strategies of waging an information war against Russia. The example of the Russian practice of conducting information counter-actions (“The Cabello Case” 2019, “Skripal Readings” 2019, “Search for a Russian Mole in the CIA” 2019 (an operational game with R. O’Brien), etc.) discloses the latest forms and methods of organizing countering information operations of foreign states and operational games of foreign intelligence services. Research implications. Information about the latest forms and methods of organizing and conducting information operations can be used in the work of state bodies responsible for organizing a systemic response to information attacks by foreign states, and will also be useful to political scientists, political strategists and specialists in countering destructive political technologies.

Aim. The article considers the place of socially oriented non-profit organizations in the political system of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the factors that justify the need to increase the role of SOCIAL NGOs in the implementation of the state’s social policy, the possibility of using their resources and potential to improve the quality of social services for the population. Methodology. The key forms of state support for the activities of SO NPOs, as well as the main problems of providing such support and possible ways to solve them, are considered. Results. It is concluded that the state, supporting the activities of the third sector, at the same time creates a solid foundation for the development of civil society, a loyal society capable of self-organization in a constructive way, reducing social tension, which is an effective prevention of destructiveness, since citizens who take care of socially unprotected segments of the population at their own will, demonstrate a high degree of social responsibility, and therefore are less inclined to destructive actions and antagonistic moods. NGOs, in turn, are able to assume part of the state’s powers in the field of social policy implementation and, taking into account the peculiarities and specifics of their activities, can perform these functions very effectively, deeply understanding the needs of target groups and satisfying them. Research implications. The results of the research have practical value since they can be used in the practice of political decision-making in promoting constructive civic engagement, with the goal of civil society development and in practice of supporting the non-profit sector.

Aim. The study focuses on classifying the types of electronic voting used in Russia in 1996-2020 in the context of the evolution of the corresponding form of political participation. Methodology. In the article, we generalize the experience of the electronic voting in Russia on the basis of the retrospective and comparative analysis. We use classification method in order to divide the electronic voting history into periods. In addition, we use expert survey for better understanding of campaign managers’ opinions on the mentioned practice. Results. In conclusion, the authors subdivide the process of the electronic voting development in Russia into six periods on basis of three criteria, namely, voting in the normal way or electronic voting online, the elections level and the obligatory force of the election returns. Research implications. The article presents the author’s approach to the identification of stages and types of electronic voting in Russia.

Aim. Description of the models of resolving complex situations in pedagogical interaction. Methodology. The article deals with issues included in the phenomena denoted as: the potential of personal development and the situation; complex, conflict situations in educational activity and their resolution. The main method of the study is the reflection on complex educational situations and the development of models for resolving them. Results. Since social risks in the educational environment are increasing, it is necessary to look for resources to maintain well-being. Developing situational reflection can be an appropriate answer to this. The concept of “situation” as applied to the educational sphere is analyzed on the basis of L. S. Vygotsky view on the development of personality. The phenomenon of reflection is studied with reference to V. E. Klochko works on psychological mechanisms of the reflective capabilities of the personality. The models for resolving difficult situations are presented taking into account their key ideas. Special attention is paid to the description of cognitive and behavioral models for solving difficult situations. Research implications. It is proposed to use models for resolving difficult situations, further elaborated for the specifics of teaching activities, in the educational sphere when training managerial personnel and in working with teachers. In the present work, it is recognized that a model for raising the teacher’s social competence is appropriate for these requirements.

Aim. To study the connection of tolerance to uncertainty with the parameters of social interaction. Methodology. A survey was carried out (N = 313), the methodology “Tolerance to uncertainty” (S. Badner) and a questionnaire of social interaction were used; correlation and factor analysis (SPSS 27.0) was performed. Results. Connections of tolerance to uncertainty with domination, submission of others, emotional fullfillment, and the desire to act situationally were found. The contribution of tolerance to uncertainty in the regulation of interaction is determined by 5 factors: 1. moral and ethical normativity of interaction; 2. variability of interaction in different areas; 3. spontaneity, lack of plans and restrictions in interaction; 4. orientation towards a partner in overcoming difficulties in interaction; 5. a positive attitude towards new experiences in interaction. Research implications. The research results deepen the understanding of the personality determinants of social interaction.

Aim. The purpose of the research is to prove the hypothesis about the possibility of applying sentiment analysis results to linguistic expertise. Methodology. A corpus of song texts of the “Eurovision Song Contest” was collected, sentiment lexical units were automatically extracted from it and the overall sentiment of the composition was calculated. Sentiment scores were assessed using basic statistical criterion. The collected results were analyzed from the point of view of their applicability for linguistic expertise. Results. The analysis of the extracted lexemes and the analysis of the texts of the compositions showed the advantages of sentiment units extraction before the linguistic expertise of the text. Research implications. The article formulates suggestions for dealing with the difficulties that arise in the course of song texts sentiment analysis.

Aim is to show the possible verbalization of the concept of С. G. Jung “individuation” through phraseological units (PhU) of the English language that make up the semantic microfields with the archisema “individuation”. Methotology taken in the study are the descriptive method and method of analysis of the semantic field, stand out and are characterized, through PhU, microfield with the archisema “individuation”, which is a reflection of the process of unlocking the potential of personal development and self-realization. Results. For the first time, the authors offer PhU, the semantic content of which contributes to a deeper and more multifaceted disclosure of the Jung concept of individuation. Research implications. An analysis of Jung’s concept of “individualization” conducted through the use of PhU in English, selected by a continuous sample to describe this concept, showed that this approach to the study of personality and its development is one of the ways in a more complete and deeper study of it. In addition, the study contributes to further work on the solution of the current problems of modern science on the categorization of knowledge about the structure of the personality through linguistic knowledge.

Aim. To establish the linguistic features characteristic of intertextual inclusions in diary discourse, thematically united by an appeal to history and the perception of historical events by a linguistic person, and the ability of this kind of intertextual inclusions to convey emotions. Methodology. Several interdependent research methods were used: contextual, lexico-stylistic, discursive, linguocultural, statistical. The analysis showed the presence of an increased emotive involvement of the authors in the changes taking place around them, as evidenced by the extended range of means of expression and their convergence. Results. It was revealed that the social role of the “Historian” has a special tool for advancing in the flow of speech (“they-communication”) and a special way of using the intertestal references as means of expression. Research implications. The study contributes to the expansion of views on the nature of the intertext and its emotive mode, as well as to the possibility of using the proposed approach in classes on analytical reading, discourse theory and text interpretation.