Aim. Definition of the main features and properties of populism in the modern world. The article is designed to scientifically answer the questions: what is populism in the modern political world? Methodology. The study analyzed the work of political scientists on the problem of populism and the political practice of the populism manifestation in Western countries. Results. The conclusion is that, in a conceptual sense, populism is pointless and is a set of methods and means of public interaction between a politician and the people in order to obtain public support. To gain power and influence on the emotions of voters, populists are pursuing a policy characterized by eccentricity, appeal to the masses, focus on protecting the interests of the people, the opposite of the opinion of the elites. The demand for populism is due to cetain factors such as the crisis of representative power - parliaments and political parties, where the problem of migrants in EU is an important issue. Research implications. The research materials and theoretical results can be used primarily in political studies. They can also be applied in the development of specialized courses on modern globalization processes, political leadership, party development, as well as on the policy of multiculturalism. The provisions and conclusions proposed by the author can be used for further analysis of communicative practices aimed at improving the effectiveness of interaction between government bodies and society.

Aim. To determine the main directions of the political and socio-economic situation development in Kyrgyzstan under the influence of various levels of factors (global - the coronavirus pandemic; international - the influence of individual international actors; and local - domestic political processes), as well as the state and prospects in the emerging situation of Russian-Kyrgyz relations. Methodology. Through factor analysis, the main trends in the development of the domestic political situation in Kyrgyzstan, interstate relations with neighboring countries and members of the Eurasian economic community, as well as ensuring security and stability in the regional Central Asian system of international relations are considered. Results. The hypothesis is confirmed that the post-pandemic situation in Kyrgyzstan is characterized by a crisis, and a sharp decline in socio-economic development indicators and increased dependence on external financial regulators. Besides, the complication of relations with neighboring countries, especially with Tajikistan, due to unresolved border issues, and Kazakhstan-due to problems of customs regulation are among the crisis indicators. The excessive activity of various international non-governmental organizations and structures working with both state authorities and the opposition in Kyrgyzstan is also obvious. Taking into account the practice of state coups in Kyrgyzstan (of 2005 and 2010), carried out with the direct participation of these structures, their activities on the territory of Kyrgyzstan predetermine the need to take into account the implementation of Russia’s Central Asian policy. Research implications. The provisions of the article, as well as conclusions and recommendations, can be used by analytical structures to assess the situation and develop proposals for adjusting the political course towards Kyrgyzstan and Russia’s overall policy in the Central Asian region.

Aim. The author’s perspective of the study of the clan organization of Central Asia post-Soviet countries is focused on the identification of traditional institutions, their actualization in the modern political process and their socio-political evolution variants. Methodology. The authors offer an expanded understanding of the essence of a clan organization, in which consolidating loyalty is derected both horizontally within consanguineous communities, and vertically, reproducing the hierarchy of ties from the elite top to ordinary members of associations. Methods of content analysis, secondary analysis of sociological data, event analysis were used Results. The main factors that actualize the clan organization in the socio-political process in Asian post-Soviet countries are the growth of social movement, self-awareness and public disappointment in an attempt to reproduce the Western model of social development. Research implications. The study confirms preservation of the relevance of the clan phenomenon in the socio-political process of the republics of post-Soviet Central Asia. The authors come to the conclusion that the contradictions with the elite, generated by the traditional vector of the evolution of clans, inevitably initiate the “regionalization” of clans, their consolidation around the agenda, which is focused on local problems. Such a “reversal” of clan communities can have destructive consequences, including potential trend to secession.

Aim. To identify the political image of Russia as it exists in the mass consciousness of its citizens within the age group of 56 and over. Methodology. This study is based on the results of sociological surveys conducted by the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics of Moscow State University. The surveys were conducted in Moscow, Tyva, the Republic of Dagestan, Saratov, Bryanskaya, Smolensk, Tomsk and Chelyabinsk regions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to interpret the gathered data (focused semi-standardized interviews, drawing test and coding of the gathered data). Through those methods the author has identified the image of Russia as it exists in the mass consciousness of Russian citizens. Results. This study showed that the political and psychological image of Russia in the minds of respondents contains more attractive than negative characteristics. The positive components of the image of Russian statehood and people occupy the dominant position in the minds of Russian citizens and practically neutralize such negative associations as corruption, bad roads, etc. Moreover, the image of the country is not completely holistic and has slight differences at a rational and unconscious level of perception. At the rational level, the political power of Russia in the opinion of respondents is less negative than at the unconscious level. Research implications. The research results described in this article are of particular practical value for political psychologists and government officials, since any state strategy is ineffective if it does not take into account the mood of society and does not receive support from it.

Aim is to find out the specific features of the digital network transformation in the Russian society caused by the pandemic crisis. Focus is made on the socio-political sphere and the role of digital information and communication technologies in it. Methodology consists of a secondary analysis of sociological data and a content analysis of Russian social media during the period under review. Results. The connection between the media consumption of Russians and the socio-political risks of information support of the pandemic was identified. It was shown that the restriction of physical contacts makes online networks the major space for communication and solidarity of citizens. They can also be used to monitor public sentiment and implement crisis management measures. Focus is made on the ambiguous nature of strengthening the digital control functions of the state. Research implications. Generalization of empirical data allowed specifying digital network trends that can be taken into account when developing strategies of response actions to biosocial threats in the future.

Aim is to study “fake news”, “viral” technologies for their distribution, mechanisms of “infection” and modification, as well as methods of detection and counteraction. Methodology. The mechanisms of modification of viral fakes when broadcasting their “emotional code” through the media and messengers, known as “chain reactions”, and probing information impulses used for empirical research of network structures and communities, have been investigated. The mechanism of the viral spread of fakes is examined using the case-study method. Results. The sequential activation of the control “tabs” in the fake is described on the example of a two-phase model of the impact of viral information. It is noted that the most effective methods of countering fakes (including viral-type fakes) are the following ones: “preemptive strike” (used in case a fake attack is just being prepared), interception of the information agenda (used in case the attack has already begun) and implementation own information agenda (if the agenda has already been intercepted), which sets its own rules for the information “game”. Research implications. Information about the mechanism of the viral spread of “fake news” can be used in the context of post-truth research, and will also be useful to political scientists, political strategists and specialists in countering destructive political technologies.

Aim. Is to conceptualize the notion of “co-awareness” in the context of studying the new social reality of an information and network society (using the COVID-19 pandemic as an example). Methodology. The main scope of the research consists in the analysis of the co-awareness phenomenon using methods of content analysis, discourse analysis, system analysis of sources on the problems of citizens’ awareness, the interaction of the state and citizens. Results. The analysis showed that the concept of “co-awareness” is universal and applicable in various areas of social and humanitarian knowledge. It serves as an equivalent of general awareness, as well as integration of information and human activity, suggesting a change in human behavior in the process of receiving and assimilating the information. Research implications. The article summarizes the new data on the subject under study amid the Covid-19 pandemic; the concept of co-awareness was introduced into scientific discourse. This category can be used as an assessment of the potential for “feedback” between the state and citizens.

Aim. The aim of the study is to describe the mechanism and reasons for developing victim behavior in the leader, as well as the presence of the victim role in the social role of the leader. Methodology. The author analyzes the theoretical views on the leadership qualities structure as well as an analysis of views on the formation of victim behavior and the results of an experiment, which involved 30 groups of students of various specialties studying pedagogics. The purpose of the experiment conducted in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 academic years, was to identify stereotype ideas about the ideal leader, the students had to describe the characteristics of an ideal leader. Results. The analysis showed that the image of a leader is a cross-cultural and cross-temporal phenomenon. The situation in which the need for leadership is activated is connected with a crisis in the group, which is a necessary condition for the appearance of persecuting stereotypes that can be used against the group leader, victimizing him. The author presents the transformation of leadership traits under the influence of changed circumstances into a model of victim behavior. As a result of the research, a model for the formation of victim behavior in the leader is proposed and the inclusion of the victim component in the social role of the leader is justified. Research implications. The theoretical value of the research is defining the leader as a dynamic social role, which under the influence of negative circumstances transforms into a model of victim behavior. The practical significance of the research is the possibility of using the results in the course “Methods of teaching leadership”.

Aim. Presentation of regression models of the subjectivity of network communities based on automatically determined indicators of the content relational situational analysis (RSA). Methodology. To develop these models 64 network communities of various thematic focus from the open segment of social networks (Facebook, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Pikabu, Telegramm, etc.) were analyzed. The networks communities texts were subjected to psycholinguistic analysis using a previously developed list of discourse markers, and the results allowed to identify indicators of subjectivity. Automatic relational situational analysis of texts was performed using an RSA machine developed at the Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Results. Comprehensive regression models of satisfactory quality were constructed for all indicators of subjectivity. Research implications. The use of the obtained regression models will allow to monitor various sectors of the Runet in an automated mode and to assess he subjectivity of the content.

Aim. Study of the impact of digital technologies on the effectiveness, satisfaction and time orientation of schoolchildren. Methodology. Psychological models of digital competence are analyzed. The article considers the application of innovative methods in the in-depth study of subjects in the curriculum of the high school of MOE SOSH No. 36 in 2018. The article examines the influence of digital technologies used in physical and mathematical, chemical and biological and humanitarian profiles on the development of students ‘ competencies, modes of thinking and time orientation. The significance of differences in the data obtained with the following methods: 16 PF P. Kettell, the ZPTI questionnaire, the General self-efficacy scale by R. Schwarzer and M. Yerusalem - is estimated. Results. The analysis of the obtained data proves that the use of digital technologies in high school increases self-effectiveness, efficiency of thinking, activity, creativity, independence of judgment, entrepreneurship, self-confidence, and orientation to the future. The organization of training is reflected in the time perspective profile: low values of the “negative past” and “fatalistic present” factors, high indicators of the “future” and “positive past” factors. Research implications. The psychological content and structure of digital competence of schoolchildren are revealed, and its relationship with self-efficacy and past experience of students is shown. The revealed relationship of digital technologies with the level of competence and features of the time perspective of students allows to improve the quality of education and can be used in the organization of the educational process.

Aim. Analysis of the contribution of urban safety assessments to youth resilience. Methodology. The authors analyzed the results of a survey of 207 male and female respondents aged 17-23 years from different regions of Russia, which was conducted with Child and Youth Resilience Measure and questionnaire on the basis of Social and Health Assessment Scales. Results. The “safety of the urban environment” construct for young people is represented mainly by threats associated with the possibility of victimization by people who are not in the immediate environment. The assessment of urban environment safety is a significant predictor of the youth resilience. Research implications. Proposals for the development of programs for strengthening the resilience of youth are formulated: the analysis of attitudes regarding the safety of urban space and the formation of safe behavior skills in an urban environment is presented.

Aim. The aim is to define the principals of the concept proving that when switching to distance learning, it is necessary to pay special attention to the psychological aspects of working with children and to take these aspects into account when developing teacher training programs. Methodology. Analysis of the results of a survey of educators in the Moscow region aimed at identifying problems that have arisen in their work during distance learning. Results. It is concluded that the new digital education ecosystem changes only the means, formats, and teaching technologies. The human factor, the psychological components of the educational process, remain the key components for achieving the result. Research implications. The article formulates proposals to improve the level of psychological and pedagogical competencies of a teacher, to include blocks (modules) in advanced training programs that allow the teacher to solve the problems of motivating Trchildren to learn.

Aim. To identify the content and structure of representations about managerial talent. Methodology. Empirical research with the use of a specially designed questionnaire; content analysis; lexical analysis. Results. As a result of the analysis of empirical data, it is shown that in the views of the study participants, managerial talent is a specific type of talent, which manifests itself in the form of achievements in the field of management, which at a certain point in time and at least part of society are assessed as a significant contribution to the development of a country, region, organization. The features of ideas about the parties and the scale of manifestation of managerial talent, as well as the qualities of a talented manager, are revealed. It was established that from the point of view of respondents, the most significant aspects of the manifestation of managerial talent are the sphere of interaction between the leader and the team and the intellectual sphere, and the most significant for a talented manager qualities are communicative and intellectual. Research implications. Are determined by the fact that it reveals the features of ideas about managerial talent for the first time. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that the data obtained as a result of the survey can be used to develop technologies for selecting high-potential personnel in the field of public administration and an integrated model for working with talents in the Russian Federation based on a personality-oriented approach to management.

Aim. Analysis of some speeches of Permanent representatives of the Russian Federation to the UN Security Council from the view of linguoaxiology and quantitative linguistics for revealing formal and axilogic characteristics of speeches, on the one hand, and the pragmatic extralinguistic purposes of the speeches on the other. Methodology. The article considers the axiological approach to texts in general and ways of expressing evaluation in diplomatic speeches, linguistic and conceptual problems arising from the interpretation of evaluation words and constructions in the perception of diplomatic discourse texts. The study is conducted by computer content analysis. The sample of speeches by S.V. Lavrov from the archive of the UN Security Council was studied by means of computer content analysis, a concordance was obtained for each text of the speech, allowing semantic and linguo-axiological analysis, followed by lemmatization of word forms and a list of hyperlexemes. Results. The conclusion is made about the degree of evaluative emotion of speeches in the UN Security Council, the use of communicative strategies and tactics to achieve the pragmatic goal of resolving complex conflict issues within the framework of diplomatic discourse. Research implications. The suggested analysis algorithm allows processing of the big text files of speeches for consecutive studying a diplomatic discourse of long periods of time. In the final part of the article views on other ways of text computer research, in particular, automated sentiment-analysis, for more full and objective analysis of diplomatic discourse are formulated.

Aim. Linguostatistic analysis of speeches at the Davos Economic Forum, to define formal characteristics of speeches as well as pragmatic extralinguistic goals of the speakers. Methodology. The authors analyzed selected texts (transcripts) at the level of media text as a unit of economic forums discourse. The study is carried out by means of SEO-analysis with subsequent interpretation of the results of linguistic-statistical processing of texts. Results. Mechanisms of influence and ways of conveying information to the world community are defined. It is noted that the SEO-analysis of speeches does not allow to fully reveal the semantic essence and intentions of the speaker. Research implications. The article contains some proposals to expand the study of media files of economic forums using two types of discourse analysis - formal and functional, which will allow a more full and comprehensive study of this type of discourse.

Aim. The aim is to describe the interaction between verbal and non-verbal units generating meaning in the dynamic scope of the screen heterogeneous text. Methodology. The main bulk of the work is the analysis of the mass culture texts - film texts and teletexts. The research is based on feature film “Midnight in Paris” and TV show “Morning of the Friday” (season 6, episode 38) at the level of several shots. Chosen fragments are divided into structural units and their meanings as separate components of the text and then the ways of generating new meanings by the means of their constellation with each other in different fragments of the narration are analysed. To structure and regulate the process of the study the following methods are used: philosophical general-logical; general scientific and empirical; disciplinary methods. Results. The author comes to the conclusion that in space-time continuum of the text the meaning of verbal and non-verbal units depends not only on their position within one or two shots but also on juxtaposition in syntagmatic of screen speech - in the chain of shots, which is named “constellation” in this work. Besides, it is concluded that constellation of verbal and non-verbal units creates the mimetic layer of the text - the world of the imaginary universum, the field of action of audio-visual narration, which is perceived by the viewer directly. Research implications. In the conclusion it is stated that the perspectives of the further study of the constellation of the polycode-multimodal text verbal and non-verbal units will allow linguists to gain deeper insight in the mechanisms of the mass culture screen texts manipulation with the viewer consciousness.

Aim is to describe the features of the expression of opinion in analytical articles on politics. Methodology. The language and the arrangement of the text main components expressing opinion, were analyzed, the interaction of sentiment and counterfactual values, characteristics of referring to someone else’s opinion have been considered, as well as the way to find the author’s opinion using the words that are rare for a collection of documents. Results. Identification of lexical and grammatical features used to express opinion in political media discourse. Research implications. Suggestions for using these characteristics in identifying opinions.