Aim. To identify how globalization generally influences the levels of the conceptual three-level model of the political process.

Methodology. The author has conceptualized the political process as a three-level model to focus on the analysis of the influence of the globalization process on the agent (micro-level), constitutive (meso-level) and metapolitical (macro-level) levels of the political process.

Results. It has been established that at the constitutive level of the political process globalization leads to changes in the system of institutions which lead to a process of institutional unification and a converse process of fragmentation. At the metapolitical level the process of globalization affects the sovereignty of the political system through the emergence of new supra-systemic players on the global stage.

Research implications. The conceptual model of the political process has been introduced, and the main trends in the development of the political process under globalization have been identified in relation to this model.

Aim. To identify Russia’s most important national interests in the new historical context in the key areas of its domestic and foreign policy.

Methodology. The theoretical aspects and core content of Russia’s national interests in the new political context are analyzed. The historical political method, the comparative method, the method of analysis and synthesis, and the multifaceted approach are applied.

Results. The study has demonstrated that Russia’s foreground national interests in the new political reality are economic, the realization of which forms the basic paradigm of the state and society, their sustainable development, and sovereignty. Strengthening the Russian welfare state guarantees internal stability and the unity of the state and society, while ideological guidelines based on traditional spiritual and moral values help shape Russia’s development strategy in the 21^st century. To represent itself as a global power Russia only needs to consider itself a priority area of its national interests. This area also includes adjacent territories where the Russian world is present in one way or another. By assuming leadership of this macroregion, Russia will remain a leading player in the new world order and will be able to effectively maintain peace on our planet. Everything stated above will help preserve the Russian state-civilization, the Russian nation-forming people, and other peoples of Russia in the new political reality.

Research implications. Uncovering the specific content of Russia’s fundamental national interests helps define our country’s development strategy in the new historical context, making a significant contribution to Russian political science.