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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский социально-гуманитарный журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Social and Humanitarian Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2224-0209</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2224-0209-2022-1-1105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evestnik-198</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТОЛОГИЯ (Специальности 5.5.1, 5.5.2 и 5.5.3)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОБРАЗ УКРАИНЫ КАК ВРАГА РОССИИ В СОЗНАНИИ РОССИЙСКИХ ГРАЖДАН</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IMAGE OF UKRAINE AS AN ENEMY IN THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF RUSSIAN CITIZENS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новаковский</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novakovskiy</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новаковский Евгений Алексеевич – аспирант кафедры социологии и психологии политики</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д.27, корп. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Novakovskiy – Postgraduate Student, Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics</p><p>119991, Moscow, Lomonosovsky prosp. 27 korp.4</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novakovsky111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новаковский Е.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новаковский Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novakovskiy E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.evestnik-mgou.ru/jour/article/view/198">https://www.evestnik-mgou.ru/jour/article/view/198</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Выявление образа Украины, существующего в сознании граждан Российской Федерации.Процедура и методы. Работа основана на результатах социологических исследований образа зарубежных стран в сознании россиян. Данные получены в ходе проводимых кафедрой социологии и психологии политики факультета политологии МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова эмпирических исследований в 2018–2019 гг. При интерпретации полученных данных использовались качественные и количественные методы исследования (фокусированные полустандартизированные интервью и кодировка полученных данных).Результаты. Исследование показало, что в образе Украины в сознании россиян действительно в значительной мере присутствуют компоненты образа врага. При этом врагом в представлении россиян преимущественно являются власть и государственные структуры Украины, нежели народ. Прослеживается обострённое чувство угрозы со стороны Украины – как геополитического характера, так и для российской национальной идентичности. Вместе с тем геополитическая угроза в сознании россиян является не прямой, а опосредованной и исходит не столько от самой Украины, сколько от её статуса некоего «проводника» и катализатора угрозы со стороны более масштабных западных игроков. Угроза же национальной идентичности произрастает из чувства культурно-исторической близости к народу Украины и склонности граждан России отождествлять народы России, Украины и Белоруссии. В связи с этими факторами поворот Украины к антироссийскому вектору и возросший на этом фоне антироссийский политический дискурс внутри Украины были восприняты гражданами России крайне болезненно.Теоретическая и практическая значимость. Результаты данного исследования вносят вклад в научное понимание образа «значимого чужого», существующего в сознании россиян, значение которого для национальной идентичности российских граждан сильно возросло в последние годы. Это позволяет дополнить научную картину происходящих в современности процессов формирования и трансформации российской национально-государственной идентичности, вопросы укрепления оснований которой сейчас особенно остро стоят на уровне дискурса российских политических элит.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To reveal the elements of the image of the enemy in the image of Ukraine as it exists in the minds of the citizens of the Russian Federation.Methodology. The article is based on the results of sociological studies of the image of foreign countries in the consciousness of Russian citizens. The data were obtained during the empirical research conducted in 2018–2019 by the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University. To interpret the obtained data obtained, qualitative and quantitative research methods were used (focused semi-standardized interviews and coding of the data obtained).Results. The study has shown that the image of Ukraine in the minds of the Russians indeed contains components of the image of the enemy to a large degree. At the same time, the Russians predominantly see the ruling elites and state structures of Ukraine as the enemy rather than the people of Ukraine. There is a heightened sense of danger from Ukraine, of geopolitical nature as well as a threat to Russian national identity. At the same time, the geopolitical threat in minds of the Russians is indirect rather than direct, and comes not so much from Ukraine itself, but from its status as a kind of “conductor” and catalyst of the threat from larger Western players. The threat to national identity is rooted in a sense of cultural and historical closeness to the people of Ukraine and the tendency of Russian citizens to equate the peoples of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Due to these factors, Ukraine’s turn towards an anti-Russian vector and the anti-Russian political discourse that has grown out of it are perceived rather negatively by the Russians.Research implications. The results of this research are of practical importance, since they contribute to the academic understanding of the image of the “evil other” that exists in the consciousness of the Russians, the importance of which for the national identity of Russian citizens has greatly increased in the recent years. This article supplies the academic understanding of the processes of the formation and transformation of the Russian national identity, which is currently unfolding. The questions related to strengthening its foundations are now of particular importance at the level of discourse of Russian political elites.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>образ врага</kwd><kwd>образ Украины</kwd><kwd>национальная идентичность</kwd><kwd>значимый чужой</kwd><kwd>политическое восприятие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>image of the enemy</kwd><kwd>image of Ukraine</kwd><kwd>national identity</kwd><kwd>evil other</kwd><kwd>political perception</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евгеньева Т. В., Усманова З. Р. «Свои» и «чужие»: образы зарубежных государств в контексте восприятия России ее гражданами // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 12: Политические науки. 2018. № 2. С. 57–75.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evgenyeva T. V., Usmanova Z. R. 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